Power operating system for tractor hitch linkages



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POWER OPERATING SYSTEM FOR TRACTOR HITCH LINKAGES Filed June 7, 1949 Aug. 23, 1955 E. v. BUNTING l5 Sheets-Sheet 7 P067 T/OIV CON TROL START OF OPE RA TIO/V WIT/1 BREA/(OUT 4C 7'l0/V INVENTOR. ERNEST BUNT/NG BY izh L ATTORNEYS Aug. 23, 1955 I E. v. BUNTING 2,715,863

POWER OPERATING SYSTEM FOR TRACTOR HITCH LINKAGES Filed June 7, 1949 15 Sheets-Sheet 8 P05] 770 CONTROL OPERA 770 C OMPL 5 TE 0 Aug. 23, 1955 E. v. BUNTING 2,715,863

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POWER OPERATING SYSTEM FOR TRACTOR HITCH LINKAGES Filed June 7, 1949 1.5 Sheets-Sheet 1O INVENTOR. RN$T 1 BU/VT/NG MGM/e... QZJI ATTORNEYS Aug. 23, 1955 E. v. BUNTING 2,715,863

POWER OPERATING SYSTEM FOR TRACTOR HITCH LINKAGES Filed June 7, 1949 15 Sheets-Sheet ll INVENTOR. ERA/EST l/. BU/vT/NG 3, 1955 E. v. BUNTING 2,715,863

POWER OPERATING SYSTEM FOR TRACTOR HITCH LINKAGES I Filed June 7. 1949 15 Sheets-Sheet l2 5/ 52 VENTOR.

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WK A T TORNEYS United tates Patent C POWER OPERATING SYSTEM FOR TRACTOR HITCH LINKAGES Ernest V. Bunting, Detroit, Mich., assignor to Harry Ferguson, Inc., Detroit, Mich, a corporation of Delaware Application June 7, 1949, Serial No. 97,640

28 Claims. (Cl. 9746.07)

The invention pertains to automatically-controlled power operated systems for tractor hitch linkages, and has for its principal aim the provision in the system of an arrangement for adjusting the sensitivity of the automatic controls.

By sensitivity of the system is meant the speed or rapidity with which the system responds to a given change in a controlling force to restore said controlling force to a pre-selected value. Thus, for a given change in the controlling force a highly sensitive system will respond with relatively great rapidity to restore the preselected value of the controlling force, while a system having low sensitivity will respond to the same given change slowly, even sluggishly. Also, to produce a given rate of corrective response a highly sensitive system will require only a relatively small change in the magnitude of the pre-selected controlling force, while for a like rate of response a system having low sensitivity will require a substantially greater change in the controlling force.

The basic type of system upon which the present invention is an improvement is disclosed in Ferguson Patent No. 2,118,180, issued May 24, 1938. In that patent is disclosed a power operated system for automatically effecting raising or lowering of a tractor hitch linkage to retain uniformity of draft load on an attached implement at a selected value. By the use of the presently disclosed system it is possible to greatly enhance or enlarge the range of types of implements with which the system may be employed and also to more effectively regulate implement action in accordance with the character of the soil being worked and its surface contour.

With reference to the above aspects of the invention, it will be appreciated that with some types of implements, as for example plows, the system is under extremely havy load. In such cases a variation of several hundred pounds in the load may be corrected by raising or lowering the plow a relatively short distance. In the case of a cultivator, on the other hand, since it is usually operated in relatively loose soil, a like variation and sometimes even a much smaller variation in the reactive force may require compensating movement of the implement through a much greater distance in order to restore the system to balance. Correct positioning of the implement is further complicated when the tractor has to be driven over a rough or irregular surface, as for example, one presenting alternate ridges and depressions such as may be left by some previous working of the soil. Such irregularities in the surface contour produce a substantial pitching movement of the tractor which, of course, tends to lift or lower the implement with respect to the soil. A proper response of the power operated mechanism is required to maintain the implement within a permissible variation from a selected depth.

With the above in view, the invention has for another of its objects the provision of an improved power operating system in which the sensitivity of the draft responsive controls may be adjusted instantly in accordance ice with the requirements imposed thereon by the type of implement associated with the hitch linkage, by the character of the soil being worked and by the contour of the surface over which the tractor must be driven in such operation.

A more specific object is to provide improved valve operating mechanism for a hydraulic power operating tractor hitch linkage system, which mechanism is readily adjustable to regulate the extent of movement of the valve in response to any predetermined variation in the draft force imposed on the hitch linkage.

In some instances power operated systems of the general class contemplated may be arranged for selective operation either as draft control systems or as position control systems. In my application Serial No. 16,904, filed March 25, 1948, I have disclosed an arrangement for such selection or change-over. In the present instance the adjustment of sensitivity which I contemplate is primarily useful during draft control operation. It can, however, also be used during position control. Accordingly, in order to exemplify its maximum utility, I have disclosed herein an application of sensitivity control in an installation where conversion can be made at will to either draft or position control and without interference with, or interference by, the sensitivity adjustments.

it is another object of the invention to improve the mechanism for effecting the conversion from draft to position control or vice versa as well as the mechanisms for carrying out the respective types of control, including simplification of the structure involved to better adapt it for the performance of its intended functions and for commercial production, and to render it simple and safe in operation.

It is also an object of the invention to provide an improved control mechanism in which any preliminary or lost motion of the hand lever is entirely absent when the system is set for position control.

Still another object is to provide improved means for automatically terminating the operation of the power system when the hitch linkage has been raised to transport position.

A further object is to provide improved safety mean in the motion-transmitting linkage of the control mechanism effective to prevent damage to the linkage or associated elements in the event that the control lever is actuated too rapidly.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the following description proceeds, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a tractor equipped with a power operating system embodying the features of the invention, a typical implement being shown as at tached to the hitch linkage which is operated by the power system.

Fig. 2 is a partial plan view of the tractor and implement shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the system disassociated from the tractor differential housing within which it is enclosed.

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view through the portion of the tractor differential housing enclosing the power operating system taken in a vertical plane substantially on the line 4--4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view through the differential housing taken in a vertical plane substantially on the longitudinal axis of the tractor and showing the power operating system conditioned to raise the hitch linkage to transport position.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to Fig.

5 showing the power system set for depth control and adjusted for high ratio draft forces.

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to Fig. 6 showing the system set for automatic depth control and adjusted for low ratio draft forces.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to Fig. 5- showing the position of the parts following a too rapid operation of the quadrant lever. Y

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to Fig. 5 showing the position stop control mechanism.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary sectional view of a part of the position stop control mechanism taken in a vertical plane substantially on the line 1tl-10 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary sectional view of the sensitivity adjusting mechanism taken in a vertical plane snbstantially on the line 11-11 of Fig. 4.

Fig, 12 is a fragmentary side eievational view of the sensitivity control lever taken atone side of a vertical plane substantially on the line 12 l2 of Fig. 4.

Fig 13 is a transverse sectional view through the quadrant lever and selector shaft coupling taken in a vertical plane substantially on the line l3-1 3; of Fig. 4.

Fig. 14 is a partly sectional fragmentary view of the valve actuating linkage taken in offset generally horizontal planes substantially on the line 1414 of Fig. 5.

Fig, 15 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view through the upper part of the transmission housing of the tractor, showing the ram cylinder and the overload release mechanism associated therewith.

Fig. 16 is a detail view taken in offset planes substantially on line 16-16 of Fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a longitudinal sectional view of the overload release valve, the left hand portion of the valve being sectioned in a horizontal plane substantially on the line 17.1 7 of Fig. 15 and the right hand end being sectioned in a plane substantially at right angles to the first plane.

Fig. 18 is a top View of the overload release valve and the associated actuating mechanism.

For purposes of illustration, a single preferred embodiment of the invention has been shown and will be described in detail herein. It is not intended that the detailed character of the disclosure should limit the invention to such particulars. On the contrary, such detailed disclosure is resorted to to afford the greatest aid to the public in later constructing what now appears to be the most desirable form of the invention, but it is intended to cover all modifications and alternative constructions falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as it is more broadly and generally characterized in the appended claims.

The detailed description which follows begins with a preliminary review of the general tractor and hydraulic system installation, proceeds with a description of the manual control devices, then a description of automatic draft and position control operations, and thereafter comes a detailing of the arrangements for adjusting sensitivity and which are integrated into the earlier described mechanisms.

Tractor and hydraulic mechanism Referring more particularly to the drawings, there is shown in Fig. 1 a lightweight four-wheeled tractor T generally similar to that disclosed in the Henry George Ferguson Patent No. 2,118,180, issued May 24, 1938. At the rear end of the tractor is mounted a hitch linkage of the type shown in that Ferguson patent comprising in this instance a pair of lower hitch links 20 and an upper or top link 21.

The lower hitch links 20 are arranged side by side and converge forwardly. Their front ends are pivotally secured at 22 on the rear end portion of the tractor for vertical swinging movement about a transverse horizontal axis located below and slightly forward'of the axis of the rear axle 23 upon which the t-ractors pneumatically tired rear traction wheels 24 are mounted. The pivots 22 permit lateral swing of the hitch links 20 as well as vertical swinging movement.

The top link 21 is detachably universally pivoted at its forward end by a removable pin 25 to the rearwardly projecting arm of a rocker or clevis 26 pivoted on a transverse pin 27 (Fig. 2) received in a pair of laterally spaced lugs 28 upstanding from the differential housing 29 at the rear end of the tractor. Forward thrust on the top link 21 tends to swing the rocker 26 forward, while tension on the top link tends to pull it rearward.

Swivelly mounted balls 30 are also provided at the rear ends of the three hitch links 20 and 21, such balls being centrally apertured to receive removable connecting pins. By this means any desired ground working or other implement may be detachably connected to the hitch linkage. In the present instance and simply by way of example, the attached implement has been shown as a two-bottom moldboard plow 31. Its general construction will be familiar to those skilled in the art. Suffice it to note that it has beams 32 which carry two plow bases 33 with coulters 34 and a rolling disk or furrow wheel arrangement 35 similar to that shown in the Henry George Ferguson Patent No. 2,195,515.

Raising of the lower hitch links 28 is accomplished by power operated means, in this instance a hydraulic power unit on the tractor, such unit being preferably enclosed within the center housing 29 of the tractor just forward of the differential. The power unit includes an actuator herein shown as a one-way ram comprising a cylinder 36 (Figs. 3, 59 and 15) bolted or otherwise removably secured, as at 37 (Fig. 15) to a removable cover plate 38 which forms a part of the top wall of the housing 29. The cylinder 36 opens to the rear of the tractor and working therein is a piston 39 (Fig. 4) having a piston rod 40 (Fig. 5) which projects rearwardly. The ball-shaped outer end of the piston rod 40 is received in the socketed lower end of an arm 41 rigid with a transverse rockshaft 42 journaled in the upper rear portion of the cover plate 38.

Rigidly secured to opposite ends of the rockshaft 42, as by a splined connection, are two upwardly and rearwardly extending crank arms 43 connected to respective ones of the lower hitch links 20 by means or" drop links 44 (see Figs. 1 and 2). With this arrangement the admission of pressure fluid to the forward end of the cylinder 46 (Figs. 3 and 59) powered from the tractor engine.

The pump may be of any preferred type, such for example asthe eccentric driver, multiple cylinder pump shown in the Ferguson Patent No. 2,118,180. A hand lever 41 (Fig. 4) journaled on the housing 29 is operable to move a shifter fork 48 for engaging or disengaging the drive connection from the engine to the pump 46 and power take-01f 49 (Fig. l) at the rear end of the tractor. Reference may be had to the Henry George Ferguson U. S. Fatent No. 2,223,002 for a detailed description of a comparable structure.

Supply of fluid to and exhaust of fluid from the ram cylinder 36 forraising and lowering the hitch linkage is desirably controlled by means of a valve mechanism associated with the intake side of the pump so that the pump may be driven continuously without recirculating fluid during idle periods of the system. In the exemplary system, the valve mechanism as shown in Figs. 59 and 14, includes a single sliding valve plunger 50 arranged to control a set of intake ports 51 for the pump 46 and a set of restricted bleed or drop ports 52 communicating with the conduit leading to the ram cylinder 36.

In its neutral or off position, as shown in Fig. 5, the valve plunger blocks both the intake ports 51 and the bleed ports 52. Under such condition any fluid in the ram cylinder 36 is locked therein and no additional fluid can reach the pump 46 for supply to the ram. Upon forward movement of the valve plunger 50 to its raising position (to the left as viewed in Fig. 5), the pump intake ports 51 are uncovered admitting fluid to the pump from a surrounding sump or reservoir 53. The fluid thus admitted to the pump is delivered under pressure to the ram cylinder 36 by way of the duct 45. In this position the valve plunger 50 continues to block the bleed ports 52.

When the valve plunger 50 is shifted rearwardly or to its lowering position (Fig. 6) the intake ports 51 are blocked but the bleed ports 52 are uncovered, thereby permitting fluid to exhaust from the ram cylinder to the sump 53. The restricted size of the ports 52 limits the rate at which fluid may escape and thus safely limits the rate of descent for the hitch linkage and the attached implement.

It will be observed that whereas the central portion of the valve plunger 50 is cylindrical in form for a sufc flcient portion of its length to effect blocking of both sets of ports 51, 52 when the plunger is in mid position, that the end portions of the plunger are, however, slightly tapered. This taper is a factor influencing the progressive change in throttling of the fluid which occurs upon shift of the plunger in either direction from mid or neutral position. In its mid position the plunger affords an infinite restriction (i. e., complete blocking) of fluid from both the intake and exhaust connections. Shift of the plunger in either direction from that mid position results in a progressive diminishment of fluid-throttling for either intake or exhaust, as the case may be. The proportion of port area uncovered and the variable clearance of the plunger from the port face accommodated by the tapered shape both contribute to the degree of throttling. And in the case of either intake or exhaust, the rate of the corresponding rise or fall of the hitch links is controlled by the degree of throttling imposed on the fluid.

Manual controls Manual operation of the control valve plunger 50 is elfected by means of a hand lever pivoted to swing over a guide plate or quadrant 61 located in a convenient position alongside the drivers seat 62. In the present instance provision is made for associating this lever selectively with draft control and position control mechanisms so that it can be used for actuating of the control valve when the system is set for either type of operation. Thus when the system is set for draft control the lever 60 is operable to adjust the value of the draft force to be automatically maintained by the system. Likewise, when the system is set for position control the lever is operable to determine the precise position of the lower hitch links.

In the exemplary system the lever 60, which may be conveniently called the quadrant lever, is secured on the reduced outer end portion 64 of a short shaft 65 (Fig. 4) journaled in a bearing bushing 66 secured to the side of the cover plate 38. As herein shown, the quadrant 61 is secured between the outer end of the bushing 66 and a cover plate 67 which is apertured for the passage of the shaft portion 64 and which is formed with a recess for the reception of a packing ring 68 effective to seal the bushing against the entry of dirt.

Change-over from automatic draft control to position control is effected by means of a selector shaft 70 supported on the tractor housing in axial alignment with the quadrant shaft 65 for rotation thereby and for endwise sliding movement relative thereto. In the present instance these shafts are located adjacent the upper part of the cover plate 38 somewhat forwardly of and parallel to the link actuating rockshaft 42. The selector shaft 70 has one end projecting from the side of the housing and is fitted with a knob 71 by which endwise selecting movements are imparted thereto. Such movements are effective to drivingly couple the shaft alternately with control elements '72 and 73 which respectively form parts of the draft control and the position control mechanisms.

As will be seen by reference to Fig. 4 of the drawings, the outer end portion of the shaft 70 which is of reduced diameter is fitted with an elongated sleeve 74, the extreme end portion of which is tapered slightly and slotted longitudinally as at '75 for engagement with a tapered socket formed in the knob 71. A nut 76 threaded on the end of the shaft 70 and bearing against an internal shoulder formed in the knob urges the latter axially of the shaft and serves to clamp the end portion of the sleeve 74 in tight engagement with the shaft so that the parts function as a unitary structure.

The sleeve 74 is supported for rotation and for axial sliding movement in a flanged bearing bushing 77 secured to the side wall of the cover plate 38. An annular stop plate 78 secured over the outer end of the bushing cooperates with a circumferential shoulder 79 on the sleeve to limit the outward movement of the sleeve and selector shaft assembly. A cover plate 80 fitted with a packing ring 81 closes the end of the bushing and seals the same against the entry of foreign matter.

The control element 73 which is herein shown as a flat-faced pulley or sheave is journaled on the sleeve '74 and is confined against axial movement between the inner end of the bushing 77 and opposed end of a hub 82 forming a part of a rocker member to be described later, which is rotatably supported on the intermediate portion of the shaft 70. The driving connection between the selector shaft assembly and the sheave 73 is effected by means of a key 83 adapted to enter a keyway in the sheave when the shaft assembly is shifted to the right from the position in which it is shown in Fig. 4. In the position illustrated, the key 83 is received within a counterbore in the hub 82 and the sheave 73 is thus rotatable relative to the shaft.

The other end of the shaft 73, which is also of reduced diameter, is slidably received within a tubular extension shaft 85 to which the shaft is non-rotatably fixed by a key 86. The control element 72, which in this instance is shown as a flat-faced pulley or sheave with an elongated hub 87 extending at one side, is mounted on the shaft 70 and confined against endwise movement between the adjacent ends of the hub 82 and the extension shaft 85. With the shaft in the position shown in Fig. 4, a driving connection with the sheave 72 is provided by a key 88 engaging in a keyway in the hub portion of the sheave. The shifting of the shaft to its alternate position, that is to the right, withdraws the key 88 from the cooperating keyway in the sheave, thus freeing the latter for rotation relative to the shaft. In this position the key is received within an enlarged bore provided for the enlarged intermediate portion of the shaft.

The extension shaft 85 as shown in Fig. 4 is rotatably received in the bearing bushing 66 which supports the quadrant shaft 65. Provision is made for connecting these shafts for conjoint rotation, such connection including locking means for retaining the quadrant shaft in positions of rotational adjustment without interfering with the reselection of position by means of the quadrant lever. For this purpose the quadrant shaft 65 has on its inner end an axially projecting segmental tang W) (Figs. 4 and 13) whose flat face is located in a plane offset at one side of the axis of the shaft. This tang overlies a similar segmental tang 91 formed on the end of the extension shaft 85. The flat surface of the tang 91 is located substantially in a common plane with the axis of the two shafts, thus leaving a space between the two tangs. Within this space is a flat key 92 which is urged transversely of the shaft axis toward the face of the tang 90 by a spring 93 seated in a recess in the opposed face of the tang )1. The key 92 is dimensioned lengthwise so as to fit snugly but with some slight clearance in the bushing 66 when disposed substantially diametrically thereof and the spring 93 thus tends to urge it from such position and wedge it in the bushing. Any torque applied through the selector shaft 70 tends to increase the wedging action, thus effectually preventing rotation of either the selector shaft or the quadrant lever shaft by reason of the torque applied to the selector shaft. Rotation of the quadrant shaft by means of the hand lever 60 however tends to shift the key 92 against the action of the spring 93, thus relieving the wedging action and permitting unrestrained rotation of both shafts.

Provision is also made for releasably retaining the selector shaft in either the draft or position control setting. As herein shown this means comprises a hairpin type spring 94 (Fig. inserted in a circumferential groove in the bushing 77 which groove is cut deep enough at one side of the bushing so as to expose the sleeve '74 and allow the spring to bear against the same. Circumferential locating grooves 05 and 96 are spaced apart axially of the sleeve so as to receive the spring as the shaft is moved into the respective draft and position control settings.

Operative association of the selector shaft 70 with one or the other of the control elements 72 or 73 brings into action either the automatic draft control mechanism or the position control mechanism and in effect constitutes the quadrant lever 60 a part of the activated mechanism. In either case, the mechanism operates through an actuating means or linkage 99 (Fig. 5) to position the valve plunger for effectuating the desired type of control. This linkage embodies novel features of construction and functions in a novel manner to be described in detail hereinafter, but for present purposes it will be sufficient to note that it includes an elongated operating member or link 100 disposed between the selector shaft assembly and the pump 46 for movement endwise in a path inclined upwardly and rearwardly with respect to the tractor housing.

Automatic draft control Automatic draft control is effected by the quadrant lever and associated control mechanism in cooperation with a draft responsive device including an element 101 and means for moving said element in accordance with the application to said device of a force corresponding in magnitude and sense to the sum of the moments acting on the implement attached to the hitch linkage and tending to rock the implement fore and aft about the linkage. The element 101 is thus adapted to be displaced proportionately to changes in the draft load or horizontal resistance to movement imposed on an implement attached to the hitch linkage. While the present power system is adapted for use with various types of draft responsive devices, it has been shown herein in. association with a device of the type disclosed and claimed in my copending application Serial No. 16,904, filed March 25, 1948, now abandoned. As set forth in the above application, this draft responsive device affords numerous advantages over previous devices since it is adapted to respond to draft forces which place the top hitch link either under compression or under tension as contrasted with the basic draft control system of the Ferguson Patent No. 2,ll8,l in which the draft responsive element is displaced only when the top hitch link is under compression. The particular device shown has advantages over that disclosed in the Chambers and Bunting Patent No. 2,437,875, issued March 16, 1948, in

where the force on the top link changes from tension to compression, or vice versa.

In the presently disclosed system the draft control device is comprised in an assembly mounted on the cover plate 38 for cooperation with the top hitch link 21. Included in this assembly is the draft responsive element 101, herein shown as an elongated plunger. Movement of this plunger is resisted in either direction from a central position by a helical control spring 102 within which it is supported for axial sliding movement. As herein shown, the spring 102 is fixedly attached at one end to the cover plate 38 and at the other end bears on an arm of the rocker 26 to which the top link 21 is pivoted. For attachment to the cover plate 38 the spring 102 is threaded in helical grooves in a flanged plug 103 secured to a machined face on the cover plate 38 by a retaining ring 104 is screwed to such housing.

The other end of the spring 102 is similarly anchored to a rear plug (not shown) which is suitably secured to the rocker arm. Accordingly, there is no looseness or play in the spring connections so that when the rocker arm is swung rearwardly upon application of tension to the top link 21, the control spring 102 is immediately stressed in tension from its central or neutral position, and conversely when the rocker arm is swung forward by a compressive force on the top link, the control spring is immediately stressed in compression. There is therefore no loss of control due to the spring.

The control plunger 101 is rigidly attached to the rear plug in well known manner and is slidably received in an axial bore 105 in the front plug 103 so that it may shift axially with reference to the latter plug in response to tensioning or compression of the control spring. Overtravel of the plunger during compression of the control spring is prevented by a sleeve or bushing 106 encircling the same and interposed between the opposing faces of the plug 103 and companion plug. Overtravel of the control plunger in an outward direction upon application of tension to the control spring is prevented by a head 107 on the inner end thereof abutting against a shoulder in the counterbored inner end of the plug 103. In the central or neutral position of the plunger 101, the front end of the head 107 is disposed substantially flush with the rear face of the plug 103.

At its forward end the plunger 101 is formed with laterally spaced ears 108 (Figs. 5-9) between which is received the end of a member 109 which is pivotally secured to the cars by a pin 110 and is forked at its forward end. The intermediate portion of the forked member 109 is offset downwardly, in this instance to clear the rockshaft 42, and the forward or forked end thereof is pivotally secured by a pin 111 to an arm 112 integral with and depending from the rocker hub 82. This arm is located at the end of the rocker member adjacent the sheave 72 on the selector shaft and the arm carries at its outer end a pin 113 rotatably supporting a fiat-faced pulley or sheave 114 in alinement with the sheave 72. The forked end of the member 109 is shaped so as to straddle the sheaves 72 and 114 and thus insure their accurate alinement at all times.

A thin fiat flexible band 115 of steel or other suitable material is anchored at both ends to the sheave 72 and after passing over the sheave 114 is looped about an evener sheave 116 mounted on the link 100. As described in detail hereinafter, the link is yieldably urged in a forward direction by springs 117 to the extent per-. mitted by the band 115. Accordingly, the position of the link may be changed either by rotation of the sheave 72 to wind up or pay out the band 115 or by rocking of the arm 112 to shift the sheave 114 forwardly or rearwardly.

In the exemplary system the arrangement is such that the swinging of the quadrant lever 60 from the raised or transport position in which it is shown in Fig. 5 to ward the lowering position shown in Fig. 6 serves to rock the selector shaft 70 and sheave 72 in a direction to wind up the band 115 on the sheave, thus pulling the link 100 rearwardly. Through the medium of the linkage 99 of which the link 100 forms a part, such rearward movement of the link is effective to shift the valve plunger Si) outwardly to vent the ram cylinder and allow the lower hitch link". and implement to move downwardly. Conversely, when the quadrant lever 60, selector shaft 70 and depth control sheave 72 are rocked in the opposite direction or toward the raised position, the band 115 is unwound from the sheave permitting the link 1% to move forwardly and downwardly under the action of the spring 117. The valve'plunger 56 is accordingly shifted forwardly to a position to open the valve ports 51 and thereby effect delivery of pressure fluid to the ram cylinder. The position 39 is thus shifted rearwardly in the cylinder to actuate the rockshaft 42 and raise the lower hitch links and the implement attached thereto.

Corresponding movements are imparted to the actuating mechanism by axial movements of the control spring plunger 101 through the medium of the forked member 109, arm 112 and sheave 114. Thus when the plunger is shifted forwardly in response to a compressive force on the top link 21, the crank arm and sheave 114 are rocked forwardly, allowing the actuating member to advance and shift the valve plunger 50 to a position for supplying pressure fluid to the ram cylinder so as to lift the lower hitch links. Upon movement of the control spring plunger in the opposite direction, as upon the diminution of an applied compressive force or upon application of tension to the top link 21, the link 100 is drawn rearwardly and upwardly to shift the valve plunger into a position for venting the ram cylinder.

It will thus be seen that through the connection provided by the band 115, the quadrant lever 60 is effective to select a set position of the valve plunger 59 for a particular draft force and any variation in that force as reflected by the movement of the control plunger M1 will modify the position of the valve so as to cause a lifting or lowering of the hitch links and the attached implement until the horizontal resistance imposed on the implement corresponds to the selected draft force. It will be understood, of course, that when a condition of equilibrium is attained, that is, when the force of the control spring corresponds to the force for which the quadrant lever is set, the valve plunger will occupy its neutral position to completely block communication with the ram cylinder and thus lock the lower links in a fixed position against downward movement.

Position control In position control the lower hitch links 20 have a follow-up action with reference to the quadrant lever,

has previously been incorporated in power-operating systems for tractor hitch linkages, as for example, in the systems disclosed in my earlier applications Serial No. 712,125, now Patent No. 2,632,628, and Serial No. 16,904. in general those systems employ cam mechanism actuated in unison with the rise and fall of the hitch linkage for automatically restoring the control valve to neutral position when the system reaches a control point established by the position of the quadrant lever.

The position-control mechanism disclosed herein performs that same general function, but embodies novel features of construction which afford structural simplicity and compactness, which facilitate manufacture and installation. Moreover, the presently disclosed system eliminates any need for lost motion in the connection between the quadrant lever 60 and the valve actuating linkage 99. Consequently, the mechanism provides immediate response of the control valve 50 upon movement of the quadrant lever from transport position as 16 compared with the delayed action heretofore obtaining" under those conditions.

In accordance with the invention, position control is effected in accordance with the rise and fall of the lower hitch links 20 as reflected by the position of the poweroperated rockshaft 42. The position of the rockshaft is coordinated with the position of the quadrant lever and selector shaft assembly through the medium of a narrow flexible band 120 (Figs. 3, 5, 8 and 9) of steel or other suitable material anchored at one end to the position-control element or sheave 73 and at the other end to a sleeve 121 mounted on and rotatable with the shaft 42. The band 120 is looped over an evener sheave 122 rotatably supported by a pin 123 between a pair of laterally spaced lever arms 124 constituting a part of a torsion rod and lever assembly.

The lever arms 124 are rigidly secured at one end to a torsion rod or shaft 125 which is rotatably supported in bearings carried by lugs 126 upstanding from the ram cylinder 36 adjacent its rear end. The location of the shaft 125 and arms 124 is such that the evener sheave 122 is alined with the position-control sheave 73. Laterally projecting ears 124 provided on the respective arms extend over and engage opposite end faces of the sheave '73 to maintain such alinement. Fixed on the other end of the shaft 125 is a lever arm 127 connected at its free end by a pin 123 with the link 1th). In the particular organization illustrated the pin 12% serves additionally to support the draft control evener sheave 116.

When the position control sheave 73 is operatively associated with the selector shaft 70, swinging of the quadrant lever 63 from the raised position (Fig. 5) toward the lowering position (Fig. 6) acts to wind up the band 120 on the sheave. The shortening of the band tends to draw the evener sheave 122 upwardly, thereby rocking the torsion rod assembly counterclockwise as viewed in Fig. 5 and shifting the link 1% rearwardly and upwardly. As explained heretofore, such movement of the link 1% is effective to impart an outward movement to the valve plunger 5t and assuming that the plunger was in the neutral position at the beginning of the movement of the quadrant lever, the shifting of the link will position the plunger for venting the ram cylinder. As fluid is exhausted from the ram cylinder, the rockshaft 42 is turned in a counterclockwise direction to lower the hitch links 2i) and at the same time the band is unwound from the rockshaft. Such unwinding will allow the torsion rod assembly to swing clockwise with the link 100, thereby tending to return the valve plunger to the neutral position. The arrangement is such that the valve will arrive at the neutral position and interrupt the exhaust of fluid from the cylinder and thus the lowering of the hitch links as soon as the rockshaft catches up with the quadrant lever and selector shaft. In other words, the power rockshaft follows precisely the movements of the quadrant lever so that the lower hitch links 20 are stopped in a position corresponding with the position of the quadrant lever.

The follow-up movements of the power rockshaft are the same when the quadrant lever at; is swung from a lowered toward the raised position. Such upward movement of the quadrant lever unwinds the band 126 from the sheave 73, thus permitting movement of the link 1% forwardly and downwardly to shift the valve plunger Si) in a direction effective to admit pressure fluid to the ram cylinder. The rarn responds by swinging the rockshaft 42 in a direction to raise the hitch links and in its movement the band is wound on the sleeve 121 until the position of equilibrium is reached. At this point, or in other words, when the hitch links 20 have been raised to the precise position indicated by the quadrant lever 60, the valve plunger is positioned to block the ram cylinder against the ingress or egress of pressure fluid. 

